Background: Bambara groundnut Vigna subterranea (L) Verdc., The Bambara groundnut is a drought-tolerant legume that was traditionally eaten in sub-Saharan Africa. Although its seeds have been identified to be rich in nutrients, there is an insufficient investigation of the seed oil as a rich reservoir of bioactive products and antioxidants. Objective: The paper examined phytochemical components, nutritional profile, mineral, and antioxidant property of Vigna subterranea seed oil extract to determine its suitability as a functional food ingredient and nutraceutical. Methods: Soxhlet extraction of the seed oil was done in n-hexane as the solvent. Proximate analysis was done (moisture, ash, protein, fat, fibre, carbohydrate and energy value using standard AOAC methods). Atomic absorption spectrophotometry analysis was done on mineral content. The phytochemical screening was done in a qualitative manner whereas antioxidant potential was done by DPPH radical scavenging method and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) method.

01-07

Background: Ageratum conyzoides (Billy Goat Weed) is a medicinal plant known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Aluminium chloride (AlCl3), a common environmental toxin, induces oxidative stress, leading to testicular damage and infertility. The aim of this study is to investigate the protective effects of Ageratum conyzoides against AlCl3-induced testicular toxicity in male Wistar rats, aiming to explore its potential in preserving testicular structure, improving sperm quality, and maintaining hormonal balance under toxic conditions. Methodology: Twenty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into four groups, each comprising five animals. Group A (control) received distilled water, Group B received aluminium chloride (AlCl3) at 100 mg/kg, Group C received Ageratum conyzoides extract at 100 mg/kg, and Group D received both AlCl3 (100 mg/kg body weight) and Ageratum conyzoides extract (100 mg/kg). All treatments were administered orally for 28 consecutive days. Results: AlCl3 significantly reduced (p<0.05) testosterone, FSH, LH, sperm count, motility, morphology, and GPx activity, while Ageratum conyzoides significantly increased (p<0.05) these parameters. Histology showed preserved testicular structure in Ageratum conyzoides and combination groups, unlike AlCl3-treated rats. Conclusion: Aluminium chloride (AlCl3) is known to induce reproductive dysfunction through oxidative damage, while Ageratum conyzoides mitigates AlCl3 toxicity and enhances sperm quality in male Wistar rats.

08-15

Hyponatremia, a prevalent electrolyte disturbance in hospitalized patients, particularly affects the elderly and ICU populations. This study highlighted hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and thiazide diuretics as significant risk factors. Complex etiologies involving chronic liver disease, congestive heart failure, and syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion were also notable contributors. Effective management strategies, including judicious use of hypertonic saline for severe cases, emphasize the importance of gradual sodium correction to prevent osmotic demyelination syndrome. Vigilant monitoring and management, especially in patients with neurological symptoms, are crucial. The study underscores the need for a systematic diagnostic approach integrating comprehensive history-taking, clinical examination, and precise laboratory assessments. Such an approach promises to enhance evaluation and therapeutic management of hyponatremia, potentially reducing morbidity and mortality rates, particularly in patients with complex medical backgrounds like advanced cirrhosis. In conclusion, advancing our approach to managing hyponatremia is essential for optimizing patient care and safety in hospitals, reflecting ongoing efforts to improve clinical outcomes through proactive medical practices.

16-33

Nomophobia is the fear or anxiety people feel when they don't have their mobile phones with them. In today's world, where the internet is everywhere and smartphones are a part of daily life, more and more people are becoming dependent on their phones, which can lead to stress and mental health problems. This article explains what nomophobia is, how common it is in different groups of people, and how modern technology and being constantly connected have made it worse. It also looks at how it affects our emotions and behaviours. The review talks about tools like the Nomophobia Questionnaire (NMP-Q) that help figure out how serious someone's phone-related anxiety is. It also suggests ways to manage it, like learning about the problem, therapy, and changing habits to use phones in a healthier way. The article highlights the importance of spreading awareness and teaching people strategies to handle their phone use better and reduce its negative effects. This paper underscores the critical interplay between digital well-being and mental health, stressing the need for research and interventions that support healthy technology use and emotional resilience in today's connected society

34-44

Loss of mandibular continuity after segmental resection often results in mandibular deviation, facial asymmetry, and impaired oral function. Although immediate reconstruction with vascularized fibula free flaps restores continuity, masticatory function may remain compromised. This case report describes early prosthodontic rehabilitation of a hemimandibulectomy patient having class II Cantor-curtis mandibular defect using modified guide flange prosthesis and a palatal ramp to assist mandibular guidance and function.

45-56

The patient's functional, aesthetic, and emotional needs are all negatively impacted by edentulism, which affects their oral health. Preserving the remaining natural teeth is currently the prime concern in dentistry. In India, there is an increasing need for prosthodontics that employ alternative approaches based on need. New methods for creating complete dentures have emerged as a result of patients' growing needs. Presence of few teeth in the oral cavity maintain the integrity of the alveolar ridge, improve proprioception, and assist the patient psychologically. For patients who wish to replace their lost teeth while keeping the few teeth they still have, a transitional denture offers an alternate course of treatment. A Cu-sil denture is a more recent kind of transitional denture that has perforations lined with a silicone rubber gasket. The holes thus providing space for remaining natural teeth to emerge into the oral cavity through the denture. Because of the reduced dental arches that cannot hold all of the teeth in the arch, pituitary dwarfism is a challenging condition to treat with prosthodontics. For physiological and psychological reasons, it is critical that these people obtain dental care. With two teeth still present in the mandibular arch, this case report describes the prosthodontic therapy of a patient with dwarfism using a Cu-Sil denture.

57-62

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders encompass a broad spectrum of functional and structural conditions that affect the masticatory system. Bruxism — a parafunctional habit characterized by repetitive grinding or clenching of teeth — is recognized as a significant contributing factor to TMJ pain and dysfunction. Its etiology is often multifactorial, with strong links to psychological stress, sleep disturbances, and occlusal factors. The management of TMJ pain in bruxism patients should be individualized and holistic, integrating both mechanical intervention through occlusal splints and psychological support. Early diagnosis and a multidisciplinary treatment approach are essential for effective symptom control and prevention of long-term complications. The case report has been prepared showing effective management of TMJ pain using occlusal splint.

63-69

Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is a severe and intricate psychiatric condition characterized by widespread emotional instability, impulsive behaviours, disturbances in identity, and impaired interpersonal relationships. This paper offers a comprehensive overview of BPD by integrating key psychological interventions for a case of Borderline Personality Disorder, to explore its definition, etiology, evolution, assessment tools, evidence-based management strategies, premorbid personality traits, and clinical significance. A biopsychosocial framework is utilized to explain how genetic vulnerabilities, neurobiological factors, and environmental stressors contribute to the disorder's emergence and progression. Effective psychotherapies, such as Dialectical Behaviour Therapy and Mentalization- Based Treatment, are highlighted as successful interventions. The discussion also covers the impact of personality development, early diagnosis, and supportive care on prognosis. This review aims to enhance understanding and improve treatment approaches for individuals affected by BPD.

70-76

Paediatric surgery has transformed outcomes for children with congenital and acquired surgical conditions. What was once synonymous with early mortality or lifelong disability is now increasingly compatible with survival, normal growth, improved quality of life and dignity. This article defends the hypothesis that Paediatric surgery is a true blessing — for children, their families, and society at large — drawing on international evidence, World Health Organization (WHO) initiatives, and regional experience from Pacific Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan.

77-82